A Piece of Modern Art Consists of a Beam of Length L

Artistic works produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s

Modern fine art includes artistic work produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the styles and philosophies of the art produced during that era.^[1] The term is usually associated with art in which the traditions of the by have been thrown aside in a spirit of experimentation.^[two] Mod artists experimented with new ways of seeing and with fresh ideas about the nature of materials and functions of fine art. A trend away from the narrative, which was feature for the traditional arts, toward brainchild is feature of much modernistic fine art. More than recent creative product is often called gimmicky art or postmodern art.

Modern art begins with the heritage of painters like Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec all of whom were essential for the evolution of modernistic fine art. At the beginning of the 20th century Henri Matisse and several other young artists including the pre-cubists Georges Braque, André Derain, Raoul Dufy, Jean Metzinger and Maurice de Vlaminck revolutionized the Paris art world with "wild", multi-colored, expressive landscapes and figure paintings that the critics called Fauvism. Matisse's two versions of The Trip the light fantastic signified a key point in his career and in the development of modern painting.^[iii] It reflected Matisse's incipient fascination with primitive art: the intense warm color of the figures confronting the cool blue-green background and the rhythmical succession of the dancing nudes convey the feelings of emotional liberation and hedonism.

At the start of 20th-century Western painting, and initially influenced by Toulouse-Lautrec, Gauguin and other tardily-19th-century innovators, Pablo Picasso fabricated his first Cubist paintings based on Cézanne's idea that all depiction of nature tin can be reduced to three solids: cube, sphere and cone. With the painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), Picasso dramatically created a new and radical picture depicting a raw and primitive brothel scene with five prostitutes, violently painted women, reminiscent of African tribal masks and his own new Cubist inventions. Analytic cubism was jointly developed by Picasso and Georges Braque, exemplified past Violin and Candlestick, Paris, from near 1908 through 1912. Analytic cubism, the commencement clear manifestation of cubism, was followed by Synthetic cubism, practiced by Braque, Picasso, Fernand Léger, Juan Gris, Albert Gleizes, Marcel Duchamp and several other artists into the 1920s. Synthetic cubism is characterized by the introduction of different textures, surfaces, collage elements, papier collé and a large multifariousness of merged subject affair.^[4] ^[5]

The notion of mod art is closely related to modernism.^[a]

History [edit]

Roots in the 19th century [edit]

Although modern sculpture and architecture are reckoned to have emerged at the end of the 19th century, the beginnings of modern painting tin exist located earlier.^[vii] The date maybe near commonly identified as marking the birth of modern art is 1863,^[vii] the twelvemonth that Édouard Manet showed his painting Le déjeuner sur fifty'herbe in the Salon des Refusés in Paris. Earlier dates have also been proposed, among them 1855 (the year Gustave Courbet exhibited The Artist's Studio) and 1784 (the twelvemonth Jacques-Louis David completed his painting The Oath of the Horatii).^[vii] In the words of art historian H. Harvard Arnason: "Each of these dates has significance for the evolution of mod art, but none categorically marks a completely new beginning .... A gradual metamorphosis took place in the class of a hundred years."^[7]

The strands of idea that somewhen led to mod art tin can be traced back to the Enlightenment.^[b] The important modern art critic Cloudless Greenberg, for instance, called Immanuel Kant "the first real Modernist" only also drew a distinction: "The Enlightenment criticized from the exterior ... . Modernism criticizes from the within."^[9] The French Revolution of 1789 uprooted assumptions and institutions that had for centuries been accustomed with picayune question and accustomed the public to vigorous political and social debate. This gave ascent to what art historian Ernst Gombrich called a "cocky-consciousness that made people select the way of their building as one selects the pattern of a wallpaper."^[10]

The pioneers of modern art were Romantics, Realists and Impressionists.^[eleven] ^{[ failed verification ]} By the late 19th century, boosted movements which were to be influential in modern fine art had begun to sally: post-Impressionism and Symbolism.

Influences upon these movements were varied: from exposure to Eastern decorative arts, peculiarly Japanese printmaking, to the coloristic innovations of Turner and Delacroix, to a search for more realism in the depiction of common life, as constitute in the work of painters such as Jean-François Millet. The advocates of realism stood against the idealism of the tradition-bound academic fine art that enjoyed public and official favor.^[12] The most successful painters of the twenty-four hour period worked either through commissions or through large public exhibitions of their own work. There were official, government-sponsored painters' unions, while governments regularly held public exhibitions of new fine and decorative arts.

The Impressionists argued that people do not see objects but only the light which they reflect, and therefore painters should paint in natural low-cal (en plein air) rather than in studios and should capture the effects of calorie-free in their piece of work.^[thirteen] Impressionist artists formed a grouping, Société Anonyme Coopérative des Artistes Peintres, Sculpteurs, Graveurs ("Association of Painters, Sculptors, and Engravers") which, despite internal tensions, mounted a series of independent exhibitions.^[14] The style was adopted by artists in dissimilar nations, in preference to a "national" style. These factors established the view that it was a "movement". These traits—institution of a working method integral to the fine art, institution of a move or visible active cadre of back up, and international adoption—would be repeated by creative movements in the Modern period in fine art.

Early on 20th century [edit]

Among the movements which flowered in the first decade of the 20th century were Fauvism, Cubism, Expressionism, and Futurism.

During the years between 1910 and the end of World War I and later the heyday of cubism, several movements emerged in Paris. Giorgio de Chirico moved to Paris in July 1911, where he joined his brother Andrea (the poet and painter known as Alberto Savinio). Through his brother he met Pierre Laprade, a member of the jury at the Salon d'Automne where he exhibited iii of his dreamlike works: Enigma of the Oracle, Enigma of an Afternoon and Cocky-Portrait. During 1913 he exhibited his work at the Salon des Indépendants and Salon d'Automne, and his work was noticed past Pablo Picasso, Guillaume Apollinaire, and several others. His compelling and mysterious paintings are considered instrumental to the early beginnings of Surrealism. Song of Honey (1914) is ane of the nigh famous works past de Chirico and is an early on example of the surrealist manner, though it was painted ten years before the motility was "founded" by André Breton in 1924.

World State of war I brought an end to this phase but indicated the beginning of a number of anti-art movements, such as Dada, including the work of Marcel Duchamp, and of Surrealism. Artist groups like de Stijl and Bauhaus adult new ideas well-nigh the interrelation of the arts, architecture, design, and art instruction.

Modernistic art was introduced to the United States with the Armory Testify in 1913 and through European artists who moved to the U.S. during World War I.

After Globe War 2 [edit]

It was only after Globe War 2, however, that the U.Southward. became the focal point of new creative movements.^[15] The 1950s and 1960s saw the emergence of Abstract Expressionism, Colour field painting, Conceptual artists of Art & Language, Pop art, Op fine art, Difficult-edge painting, Minimal art, Lyrical Abstraction, Fluxus, Happening, Video fine art, Postminimalism, Photorealism and various other movements. In the late 1960s and the 1970s, State fine art, Operation art, Conceptual art, and other new art forms had attracted the attention of curators and critics, at the expense of more than traditional media.^[sixteen] Larger installations and performances became widespread.

Past the terminate of the 1970s, when cultural critics began speaking of "the stop of painting" (the title of a provocative essay written in 1981 by Douglas Crimp), new media art had get a category in itself, with a growing number of artists experimenting with technological means such every bit video art.^[17] Painting assumed renewed importance in the 1980s and 1990s, as evidenced past the ascension of neo-expressionism and the revival of figurative painting.^[18]

Towards the cease of the 20th century, a number of artists and architects started questioning the idea of "the modern" and created typically Postmodern works.^[19]

Art movements and artist groups [edit]

(Roughly chronological with representative artists listed.)

19th century [edit]

Romanticism and the Romantic movement – Francisco de Goya, J. Chiliad. W. Turner, Eugène Delacroix
Realism – Gustave Courbet, Camille Corot, Jean-François Millet, Rosa Bonheur
Pre-Raphaelites – William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti
Macchiaioli – Giovanni Fattori, Silvestro Lega, Telemaco Signorini
Impressionism – Frédéric Bazille, Gustave Caillebotte, Mary Cassatt, Edgar Degas, Armand Guillaumin, Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Berthe Morisot, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley
Mail service-impressionism – Georges Seurat, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri Rousseau, Henri-Jean Guillaume Martin, Albert Lebourg, Robert Antoine Pinchon
Pointillism – Georges Seurat, Paul Signac, Maximilien Luce, Henri-Edmond Cantankerous
Divisionism – Gaetano Previati, Giovanni Segantini, Pellizza da Volpedo
Symbolism – Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, Edvard Munch, James Whistler, James Ensor
Les Nabis – Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Vuillard, Félix Vallotton, Maurice Denis, Paul Sérusier
Art Nouveau and variants – Jugendstil, Secession, Mod Style, Modernisme – Aubrey Beardsley, Alphonse Mucha, Gustav Klimt,
Art Nouveau architecture and design – Antoni Gaudí, Otto Wagner, Wiener Werkstätte, Josef Hoffmann, Adolf Loos, Koloman Moser
Early on Modernist sculptors – Aristide Maillol, Auguste Rodin

Early 20th century (before Globe War I) [edit]

Abstract art – Francis Picabia, Wassily Kandinsky, František Kupka, Robert Delaunay, Sonia Delaunay, Léopold Survage, Piet Mondrian, Kazimir Malevich, Hilma af Klint
Fauvism – André Derain, Henri Matisse, Maurice de Vlaminck, Georges Braque, Kees van Dongen
Expressionism and related – Dice Brücke, Der Blaue Reiter – Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Wassily Kandinsky, Franz Marc, Egon Schiele, Oskar Kokoschka, Emil Nolde, Axel Törneman, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Max Pechstein
Cubism – Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Fernand Léger, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, Marcel Duchamp, Jacques Villon, Francis Picabia, Juan Gris
Futurism – Giacomo Balla, Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà, Gino Severini, Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov
Orphism – Robert Delaunay, Sonia Delaunay, František Kupka
Suprematism – Kazimir Malevich, Alexander Rodchenko, El Lissitzky
Synchromism – Stanton Macdonald-Wright, Morgan Russell
Vorticism – Wyndham Lewis
Sculpture – Constantin Brâncuși, Joseph Csaky, Alexander Archipenko, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Jacques Lipchitz, Ossip Zadkine, Henri Laurens, Elie Nadelman, Chaim Gross, Chana Orloff, Jacob Epstein, Gustave Miklos
Photography – Pictorialism, Straight photography

World War I to Earth War 2 [edit]

Dada – Jean Arp, Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, Francis Picabia, Kurt Schwitters
Surrealism – Marc Chagall, René Magritte, Jean Arp, Salvador Dalí, Max Ernst, Giorgio de Chirico, André Masson, Joan Miró
Expressionism and related: Chaim Soutine, Abraham Mintchine
Pittura Metafisica – Giorgio de Chirico, Carlo Carrà, Giorgio Morandi
De Stijl – Theo van Doesburg, Piet Mondrian
New Objectivity – Max Beckmann, Otto Dix, George Grosz
Figurative painting – Henri Matisse, Pierre Bonnard
American Modernism – Stuart Davis, Arthur Thou. Dove, Marsden Hartley, Georgia O'Keeffe
Constructivism – Naum Gabo, Gustav Klutsis, László Moholy-Nagy, El Lissitzky, Kasimir Malevich, Vadim Meller, Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir Tatlin
Bauhaus – Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Josef Albers
Scottish Colourists – Francis Cadell, Samuel Peploe, Leslie Hunter, John Duncan Fergusson
Social realism – Grant Wood, Walker Evans, Diego Rivera
Precisionism – Charles Sheeler, Charles Demuth
Boychukism - Mykhailo Boychuk, Sofiya Nalepinska-Boychuk, Ivan Padalka, Vasily Sedlyar
Sculpture – Alexander Calder, Alberto Giacometti, Gaston Lachaise, Henry Moore, Pablo Picasso, Julio Gonzalez

After World State of war II [edit]

Figuratifs – Bernard Buffet, Jean Carzou, Maurice Boitel, Daniel du Janerand, Claude-Max Lochu
Sculpture – Henry Moore, David Smith, Tony Smith, Alexander Calder, Isamu Noguchi,^[20] Alberto Giacometti, Sir Anthony Caro, Jean Dubuffet, Isaac Witkin, René Iché, Marino Marini, Louise Nevelson, Albert Vrana
Abstract expressionism – Joan Mitchell, Willem de Kooning, Jackson Pollock, Arshile Gorky, Hans Hofmann, Franz Kline, Robert Motherwell, Clyfford Still, Lee Krasner,
American Abstract Artists – Ilya Bolotowsky, Ibram Lassaw, Advertising Reinhardt, Josef Albers, Burgoyne Diller
Art Brut – Adolf Wölfli, August Natterer, Ferdinand Cheval, Madge Gill
Arte Povera – Jannis Kounellis, Luciano Fabro, Mario Merz, Piero Manzoni, Alighiero Boetti
Color field painting – Barnett Newman, Marking Rothko, Adolph Gottlieb, Sam Francis, Morris Louis, Kenneth Noland, Jules Olitski, Helen Frankenthaler
Tachisme – Jean Dubuffet, Pierre Soulages, Hans Hartung, Ludwig Merwart
COBRA – Pierre Alechinsky, Karel Appel, Asger Jorn
Conceptual fine art – Art & Language, Dan Graham, Lawrence Weiner, Bruce Nauman, Daniel Buren, Victor Burgin, Sol LeWitt
De-collage – Wolf Vostell, Mimmo Rotella
Neo-Dada – Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns, John Chamberlain, Joseph Beuys, Lee Bontecou, Edward Kienholz
Figurative Expressionism – Larry Rivers, Grace Hartigan, Elaine de Kooning, Robert De Niro, Sr., Lester Johnson, George McNeil, Earle One thousand. Pilgrim, Jan Müller, Robert Beauchamp, Bob Thompson
Feminist Fine art — Eva Hesse, Judy Chicago, Barbara Kruger, Mary Beth Edelson, Ewa Partum, Valie Export, Yoko Ono, Louise Bourgeois, Cindy Sherman, Kiki Smith, Guerrilla Girls, Hannah Wilke
Fluxus – George Maciunas, Joseph Beuys, Wolf Vostell, Nam June Paik, Daniel Spoerri, Dieter Roth, Carolee Schneeman, Alison Knowles, Charlotte Moorman, Dick Higgins
Happening – Allan Kaprow, Joseph Beuys, Wolf Vostell, Claes Oldenburg, Jim Dine, Cerise Grooms, Nam June Paik, Charlotte Moorman, Robert Whitman, Yoko Ono
Dau-al-Set – founded in Barcelona by poet/creative person Joan Brossa, – Antoni Tàpies
Grupo El Paso [es; ca; pl] – founded in Madrid by artists Antonio Saura, Pablo Serrano
Geometric brainchild – Wassily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich, Nadir Afonso, Manlio Rho, Mario Radice, Mino Argento, Adam Szentpétery
Hard-edge painting – John McLaughlin, Ellsworth Kelly, Frank Stella, Al Held, Ronald Davis
Kinetic art – George Rickey, Getulio Alviani
State fine art – Ana Mendieta, Christo, Richard Long, Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer
Les Automatistes – Claude Gauvreau, Jean-Paul Riopelle, Pierre Gauvreau, Fernand Leduc, Jean-Paul Mousseau, Marcelle Ferron
Minimal art – Sol LeWitt, Donald Judd, Dan Flavin, Richard Serra, Agnes Martin
Postminimalism – Eva Hesse, Bruce Nauman, Lynda Benglis
Lyrical abstraction – Ronnie Landfield, Sam Gilliam, Larry Zox, Dan Christensen, Natvar Bhavsar, Larry Poons
Neo-figurative art – Fernando Botero, Antonio Berni
Neo-expressionism – Georg Baselitz, Anselm Kiefer, Jörg Immendorff, Jean-Michel Basquiat
Transavanguardia – Francesco Clemente, Mimmo Paladino, Sandro Chia, Enzo Cucchi
Figuration libre – Hervé Di Rosa, François Boisrond, Robert Combas
New realism – Yves Klein, Pierre Restany, Arman
Op art – Victor Vasarely, Bridget Riley, Richard Anuszkiewicz, Jeffrey Steele
Outsider fine art – Howard Finster, Grandma Moses, Bob Justin
Photorealism – Audrey Flack, Chuck Shut, Duane Hanson, Richard Estes, Malcolm Morley
Pop fine art – Richard Hamilton, Robert Indiana, Jasper Johns, Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol, Ed Ruscha, David Hockney
Postwar European figurative painting – Lucian Freud, Francis Bacon, Frank Auerbach, Gerhard Richter
New European Painting – Luc Tuymans, Marlene Dumas, Neo Rauch, Bracha Ettinger, Michaël Borremans, Chris Ofili
Shaped sail – Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Ron Davis, Robert Mangold.
Soviet art – Aleksandr Deyneka, Aleksandr Gerasimov, Ilya Kabakov, Komar & Melamid, Alexandr Zhdanov, Leonid Sokov
Spatialism – Lucio Fontana
Video fine art – Nam June Paik, Wolf Vostell, Joseph Beuys, Pecker Viola, Hans Breder
Visionary art – Ernst Fuchs, Paul Laffoley, Michael Bowen

Notable modern fine art exhibitions and museums [edit]

Austria [edit]

Leopold Museum, Vienna

Belgium [edit]

SMAK, Ghent

Brazil [edit]

MASP, São Paulo, SP
MAM/SP, São Paulo, SP
MAM/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
MAM/BA, Salvador, Bahia

Colombia [edit]

Bogotá Museum of Modern Fine art (MAMBO)

Croatia [edit]

Ivan Meštrović Gallery, Split
Modernistic Gallery, Zagreb
Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb

Ecuador [edit]

Museo Antropologico y de Arte Contemporaneo, Guayaquil
La Capilla del Hombre, Quito

Finland [edit]

EMMA, Espoo
Kiasma, Helsinki

France [edit]

Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Fine art, Montsoreau
Lille Métropole Museum of Modernistic, Contemporary and Outsider Art, Villeneuve d'Ascq
Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris
Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris
Musée Picasso, Paris
Museum of Modern and Contemporary Fine art, Strasbourg
Musée d'art moderne de Troyes

Germany [edit]

documenta, Kassel, an exhibition of modern and contemporary art held every 5 years
Museum Ludwig, Cologne
Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich

India [edit]

Centre of International Modern Fine art [Wikidata] (CIMA),^[21] Kolkata
National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi
National Gallery of Modern Art, Mumbai
National Gallery of Modern Art, Bangalore

Iran [edit]

Museum of Contemporary Art, Tehran

Republic of ireland [edit]

Hugh Lane Gallery, Dublin
Irish Museum of Mod Art, Dublin

Israel [edit]

Tel Aviv Museum of Art

Italia [edit]

Palazzo delle Esposizioni
Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna
Venice Biennial, Venice
Palazzo Pitti, Florence
Museo del Novecento, Milan

Mexico [edit]

Museo de Arte Moderno, México D.F.

Netherlands [edit]

Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam

Kingdom of norway [edit]

Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art, Oslo
Henie-Onstad Art Centre, Oslo

Poland [edit]

Museum of Fine art, Łódź
National Museum, Kraków

Qatar [edit]

Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art, Doha

Romania [edit]

National Museum of Contemporary Fine art, Bucharest

Russia [edit]

Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg
Pushkin Museum, Moscow
Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Serbia [edit]

Museum of Contemporary Art, Belgrade

Kingdom of spain [edit]

Museu d'Fine art Contemporani de Barcelona, Barcelona
Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid
Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid
Institut Valencià d'Art Modern, Valencia
Atlantic Center of Modern Fine art, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
Museu Picasso, Barcelona.
Museo Picasso Málaga, Málaga.

Sweden [edit]

Moderna Museet, Stockholm

Taiwan [edit]

Asia Museum of Modern Fine art, Taichung

United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland [edit]

Estorick Collection of Mod Italian Art, London
Saatchi Gallery, London
Tate Britain, London
Tate Liverpool
Tate Modernistic, London
Tate St Ives

Ukraine [edit]

National Art Museum of Ukraine, Kyiv
Andrey Sheptytsky National Museum of Lviv, Lviv

United States [edit]

Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York
Fine art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire Country Plaza Art Drove, Albany, New York
Guggenheim Museum, New York Urban center, New York, and Venice, Italia ; more recently in Berlin, Germany, Bilbao, Spain, and Las Vegas, Nevada
High Museum, Atlanta, Georgia
Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, California
McNay Art Museum, San Antonio, Texas
Menil Collection, Houston, Texas
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts
Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco, California
The Baker Museum, Naples, Florida
Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Whitney Museum of American Art, New York Urban center, New York

Notes [edit]

^ "Ane way of understanding the relation of the terms 'modern,' 'modernity,' and 'modernism' is that aesthetic modernism is a course of art characteristic of high or actualized late modernity, that is, of that period in which social, economic, and cultural life in the widest sense [was] revolutionized by modernity ... [this ways] that modernist art is scarcely thinkable exterior the context of the modernized club of the tardily nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Social modernity is the dwelling house of modernist art, even where that art rebels against it." — Lawrence E. Cahoone^[6]
^ "In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries momentum began to assemble behind a new view of the globe, which would eventually create a new world, the modern world." — Lawrence E. Cahoone^[viii]

References [edit]

^ Atkins 1997, pp. 118–119.
^ Gombrich 1995, p. 557.
^ Clement 1996, p. 114.
^ Scobie 1988, pp. 103–107.
^ John-Steiner 2006, p. 69.
^ Cahoone 1996, p. xiii.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Arnason & Prather 1998, p. 17.
^ Cahoone 1996, p. 27.
^ Greenberg 1982, p. 5.
^ Gombrich 1995, p. 477.
^ Arnason & Prather 1998, p. 22.
^ Corinth et al. 1996, p. 25.
^ Cogniat 1975, p. 61.
^ Cogniat 1975, pp. 43–49.
^ Saunders 2013.
^ Mullins 2006, p. 14.
^ Mullins 2006, p. 9.
^ Mullins 2006, pp. 14–15.
^ Jencks 1987, p.^{[ page needed ]}.
^ Lander 2006.
^ Times of India Travel 2015.

Sources [edit]

Arnason, H. Harvard; Prather, Marla (1998). History of modernistic art : painting, sculpture, architecture, photography (4th ed.). New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN978-0-8109-3439-9. OCLC 1035593323 – via Cyberspace Archive.
Atkins, Robert (1997). Artspeak: A Guide to Gimmicky Ideas, Movements, and Buzzwords (second ed.). New York: Abbeville Press Publishers. ISBN978-0-7892-0415-8. OCLC 605278894 – via Internet Annal.
Cahoone, Lawrence (1996). From Modernism to Postmodernism: An Anthology . Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell Publishers. ISBN978-1-55786-602-8. OCLC 1149327777 – via Internet Archive.
"CIMA Art Gallery". Times of India Travel. 2015-06-thirty. Retrieved 2021-06-12 .
Cloudless, Russell (1996). Four French Symbolists: A Sourcebook on Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, and Maurice Denis. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Printing. ISBN978-0-313-29752-6. OCLC 34191505.
Cogniat, Raymond (1975). Pissarro. New York: Crown Publishers. ISBN978-0-517-52477-0. OCLC 2082821.
Corinth, Lovis; Schuster, Peter-Klaus; Vitali, Christoph; Butts, Barbara; Brauner, Lothar; Bärnreuther, Andrea (1996). Lovis Corinth. Munich; New York: Prestel. ISBN978-3-7913-1682-6. OCLC 35280519.
Greenberg, Clement (1982). "Modernist Painting". In Frascina, Francis; Harrison, Charles; Paul, Deirdre (eds.). Mod Art and Modernism: A Critical Anthology . In clan with the Open Academy. London: Harper & Row. ISBN978-0-06-318234-nine. OCLC 297414909 – via Net Annal.
Gombrich, Ernst H. (1995). The Story of Art . London: Phaidon Printing Limited. ISBN978-0-7148-3355-2. OCLC 1151352542 – via Internet Archive.
Jencks, Charles (1987). Post-Modernism: The New Classicism in Art and Compages . New York: Rizzoli. ISBN978-0-8478-0835-9. OCLC 1150952960 – via Inernet Archive.
John-Steiner, Vera (2006). "Patterns of Collaboration among Artists". Creative Collaboration. Oxford University Press. pp. 63–96. doi:x.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307702.003.0004. ISBN978-0-19-530770-2. OCLC 5105130725, 252638637.
Lander, David (Nov–Dec 2006). "Fifties Furniture THE SIDE Tabular array Every bit SCULPTURE". Shopping. American Heritage. American Association for Country and Local History. 57 (6). ISSN 2161-8496. OCLC 60622066. Archived from the original on 2007-10-20.
Mullins, Charlotte (2006). Painting people : figure painting today. New York: D.A.P./Distributed Art Pubs. ISBN978-1-933045-38-ii. OCLC 71679906.
Saunders, Frances Stonor (2013-06-xiv) [1995-10-22]. "Modern fine art was CIA 'weapon'". The Independent . Retrieved 2021-04-17 .
Scobie, Stephen (1988). "The Allure of Multiplicity: Metaphor and Metonymy in Cubism and Gertrude Stein". In Neuman, Southward. C.; Nadel, Ira Bruce (eds.). Gertrude Stein and the Making of Literature. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi:ten.1007/978-i-349-08541-5_7. ISBN978-1-349-08543-9. OCLC 7323640453 – via Internet Archive.

Farther reading [edit]

Adams, Hugh (1979). Mod Painting . New York: Mayflower Books. ISBN978-0-8317-6062-5. OCLC 691113035 – via Internet Archive.
Childs, Peter (2000). Modernism . London New York: Routledge. ISBN978-0-203-13116-9. OCLC 48138104 – via Internet Archive.
Crouch, Christopher (1999). Modernism in Art, Design and Architecture . New York: St. Martin'due south Press. ISBN978-0-312-21830-0. OCLC 1036752206 – via Internet Archive.
Dempsey, Amy (2002). Art in the Modern Era: A Guide to Schools and Movements. New York: Harry Due north. Abrams. ISBN978-0-8109-4172-four. OCLC 47623954.
Everdell, William (1997). The First Moderns: Profiles in the Origins of Twentieth-Century Thought . Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN978-0-226-22484-viii. OCLC 45733213 – via Internet Archive.
Come across besides: The First Moderns.
Frazier, Nancy (2000). The Penguin Concise Dictionary of Art History. New York: Penguin Reference. ISBN978-0-14-051420-9. OCLC 70498418.
Hunter, Sam; Jacobus, John M; Wheeler, Daniel (2005). Mod Art: painting, sculpture, architecture, photography (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN978-0-13-150519-three. OCLC 1114759321.
Kolocotroni, Vassiliki; Goldman, Jane; Taxidou, Olga, eds. (1998). Modernism: An Anthology of Sources and Documents . Edinburgh; Chicago: Edinburgh Academy Press; The University of Chicago Press. ISBN978-0-585-19313-7. OCLC 1150833644, 44964346 – via Internet Archive.
Ozenfant, Amédée; Rodker, John (1952). Foundations of Mod Art . New York: Dover. ISBN9780486202150. OCLC 1200478998. Retrieved 2021-04-19 – via Internet Annal.
Read, Herbert Edward; Read, Benedict; Tisdall, Caroline; Feaver, William (1975). A Concise History of Modern Painting . New York: Praeger Publishers. ISBN978-0-275-71730-viii. OCLC 741987800, 894774214, 563965849 – via Cyberspace Archive.

External links [edit]

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_art